Recent Submissions
Effect of osmoregulatory on the secondary somatic embryogenesis of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.)
(Open Science Publishers, 2024-05) Paisic-Ramirez, Roxanita; Hernández-Amasifuen, Angel David; Sánchez-Aguilar, Walter Daniel; Corazon-Guivin, Mike Anderson; Bobadilla, Leidy G.; Mansilla-Córdova, Pedro Javier; Caetano, Aline Camila; Silva Zuta, Miguelina Zayda; Guerrero-Abad, Juan Carlos
Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is the raw material for the worldwide chocolate industry. To ensure high quality and efficient field production, the industry relies on a uniformity of elite cocoa plants, which can be achieved through vegetative propagation methods like somatic embryogenesis. However, the low yield rate in the multiplication and regeneration of cocoa plants remains a challenge for basic research. To obtain a greater number of secondary somatic embryos (SSE) in cocoa, the effect of three osmoregulators on the disc cells of primary somatic embryos (PSE) of cocoa was studied. PSE was induced from cocoa staminodes of genotype I52. Epicotyls were selected from PSE at the torpedo and cotyledon stages, segmented into 3 mm discs, and placed in a secondary callus growth medium. The explants were transferred to embryo development medium 3, where they were exposed to the osmoregulatory polyethylene glycol (PEG), mannitol, and sorbitol at the following concentrations: 0%, 1%, 3%, and 5%. D-Mannitol at 3% and D-Sorbitol at 1% increased the number of SSE at the torpedo, globular, and cotyledon stage per explant. The culture medium with 1% PEG significantly increased the formation of SSE in the globular and cotyledonal stages. The results presented a positive effect of the osmoregulators on the formation of cocoa SSE.
Hand, foot and mouth disease in children: a systematic review.
(Universidad de San Martin de Porres, Facultad de Medicina, 2024-09) Herrera Ortiz, José Uberli; Oblitas Gonzáles, Aníbal; Carranza Carranza, Wilder Ovidio
Hand, foot and mouth disease is a recurring contagious infection in children living under poor sanitary conditions, especially in developing countries, where a substantial increase in the disease has been reported in recent years. The study aimed to describe and analyze the occurrence of such disease in children, focusing on the most outstanding theoretical aspects that characterize it. For this purpose, a systematic review of the literature was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) using logical operators such as “EMPB” OR “Coxsackie A16” AND “Children” AND “Coxsackievirus Infections” AND “Child.” A total of 584 research studies in Spanish and English published between 2010 and 2022 were identified, from which, after a scientific quality assessment process using checklists, quality criteria and relevant strength of recommendation and the PRISMA method, 40 articles were selected, to which three gray literature records were added, and 43 records were selected for quantitative data analysis. Hand, foot and mouth disease has a higher incidence in the Asian continent (India, Singapore, Japan and China), where epidemic outbreaks occur every year, mainly affecting the child population. It is caused by several serotypes such as A5, A7, A10, B1, B2, B3 and B5; however, Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) and Enterovirus A71 (EVA71) are the most frequent among children. The disease causes fever, papulovesicular rash on the hands, feet and genitalia, as well as ulcerative lesions in the mouth. Its incubation period is four to six days, and it is transmitted by direct contact with secretions, fecal material or contaminated objects; its diagnosis is clinical and based on epidemiological history. As there is no specific treatment, only general measures are taken to alleviate the symptoms and prevent dehydration. Currently, there are outbreaks and serotypes that cause various complications, such as encephalitis, myocarditis, hepatitis, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, enteric diseases and herpangina, among others. For this reason, strict epidemiological surveillance of cases and contacts is required, along with health education and communication interventions that reduce the risks of spread and infection.
Diabetes-Prev Scale: validation of preventive measures for type 2 diabetes in inhabitants of Cajamarca, validation design.
(Universidad de Santander, 2024-09) Linares-Vásquez, Orlando; Díaz-Dávila, Yonathan Yoel; Asenjo-Alarcón, José Ander
Introduction: Preventive measures effectively reduce the prevalence of diabetes; therefore, having valid instruments to assess them is a priority. Objective: To validate the content, construct, and reliability of the Diabetes-Prev Scale in the prevention of type 2 diabetes in the population of the Cajamarca region, Peru. Materials and Methods: Descriptive study with validation design. The scale was developed based on the recommendations of the American Diabetes Association and consists of 36 items validated by eight health and nutrition professionals. A survey pilot test was conducted with 385 adults living in the 13 provinces of Cajamarca. Construct validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis and reliability using McDonald's ω. Results: The scale comprised 33 items divided into five dimensions: consumption of alcoholic beverages and cigarettes (11 items), harmful dietary and physical habits (6 items), beneficial eating and sleeping habits (5 items), food additives and body weight (6 items), and physical activity and hydration (5 items). Factor loadings were greater than 0.30, and the cumulative variance was 43.66%. The overall scale achieved a reliability of 0.88, making it an adequate and necessary instrument for assessing preventive measures for diabetes in the population. Discussion: The psychometric properties of instruments that assess various diabetes topics using equivalent statistical tests are also appropriate. Conclusions: The Diabetes-Prev Scale is a contextualized instrument for the three geographic regions of Peru, offering clear textual and content comprehension with a simple and brief application suitable for diverse populations.
Using Drones for Dendrometric Estimations in Forests: A Bibliometric Analysis.
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2024-11) Ferreira da Silva, Bruna Rafaella; Meza Ucella-Filho, João Gilberto; Da Conceição Bispo, Polyanna; Elera-Gonzales, Duberli Geomar; Araújo Silva, Emanuel; Caraciolo Ferreira, Rinaldo Luiz
Traditional field inventories have been the standard method for collecting detailed forest attribute data. However, these methods are often time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly, especially for large areas. In contrast, remote sensing technologies, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), have become viable alternatives for collecting forest structure data, providing high-resolution images, precision, and the ability to use various sensors. To explore this trend, a bibliometric review was conducted using the Scopus database to examine the evolution of scientific publications and assess the current state of research on using UAVs to estimate dendrometric variables in forest ecosystems. A total of 454 studies were identified, with 199 meeting the established inclusion criteria for further analysis. The findings indicated that China and the United States are the leading contributors to this research domain, with a notable increase in journal publications over the past five years. The predominant focus has been on planted forests, particularly utilizing RGB sensors attached to UAVs for variable estimation. The primary variables assessed using UAV technology include total tree height, DBH, above-ground biomass, and canopy area. Consequently, this review has highlighted the most influential studies in the field, establishing a foundation for future research directions.
Effect of salt reduction, mixture of salt with animal fat, and salt particle sizes on instrumental texture, yield properties and sensory characteristics of burgers.
(Springer Nature, 2024-10) Coronado, Agataliz; Tocto, Kori; Tello Célis, Fernando; Ruiz, Roger; Vásquez, Jessy; Chiroque, Grisel Violeta; Cruzado-Bravo, Melina L.M.; Saldaña, Erick; Rios‑Mera, Juan D.
This study aimed to investigate the impact of reduction of salt content (from 1.5 to 0.75%), the technique of mixing half of the salt content with animal fat, and the salt particle size on the instrumental texture, cooking losses, diameter reduction, overall liking, and sensory characteristics of burgers. The results showed that regardless of the types of micronized salt (MS<250 µm) incorporation (directly into the meat or the mixture of half of the MS with the meat and the other half with the fat), salt reduction decreased the salty perception and the instrumental hardness and chewiness. Thus, the mixture of MS with fat does not present sensory improvements nor overcome the texture effects of salt reduction. In a second experiment, the effect of different particle sizes (from <177 µm to 1 mm) was evaluated, where it was observed that salt with particle size <177 µm decreased the burgers’ hardness, cooking losses, and diameter reduction. The salt particle sizes did not cause sensory changes in the burgers, and in both experiments, the overall liking was greater than 7 points on the 9-point hedonic scale. Salt<177 µm could be a good option for reducing salt in burgers and possibly in other meat products.
